Under the 2025 Energy Code, battery energy storage system is defined as a stationary equipment that receives electrical energy and then utilizes batteries to store that energy for later use to supply electrical energy when needed.
The Microgrid Exchange Group defines a microgrid as "a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources within clearly defined electrical boundaries that acts as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid. A microgrid can connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in both grid-connected or island-mode.".
Grid energy storage, also known as large-scale energy storage, is a set of technologies connected to the electrical power grid that store energy for later use.
In-space nuclear fission power systems are under consideration for missions that require MWe scale power. Recent work in Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cells indicates that they may be a mass efficient option for converting a nuclear reactor's thermal energy into electrical.
Solar power plants do not require water for direct power generation, unlike steam-based electricity. Instead, solar panels have dry cooling, meaning they do not need water.
CEPCI is evaluating whether BESS technology could be economically and technically feasible for two use cases. The primary use case is peak shaving when loads approach or exceed the contractual current limits on the Dominion circuit.
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